Journal: Scientific Reports
Article Title: β2-adrenergic signal transduction plays a detrimental role in subchondral bone loss of temporomandibular joint in osteoarthritis
doi: 10.1038/srep12593
Figure Lengend Snippet: A, B : Norepinephrine (NE) levels in serum ( A ) and condylar subchondral bone ( B ) over the three time-points (2, 4 and 8 weeks) examined. C : control rats; E: experimental rats. Levels of significance: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. C : Immunofluorescent staining and quantification of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive sympathetic nerve fibers in the condylar subchondral bone of 4-week control and experimental groups. The dash line indicates the interface between cartilage ( C ) and subchondral bone ( B ). Arrows indicate TH-positive sympathetic nerve fibers (red color). The blue color indicates cell nuclei stained by DAPI. D : Real-time PCR analysis of the mRNA expression of β-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) in the condylar subchondral bone of 4-week control and experimental groups. E : Immunohistochemical staining and quantification of the β2-AR (Adrb2) positive cells in the condylar subchondral bone of 4-week control and experimental groups. Levels of significance for all charts: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.
Article Snippet: The primary antibodies were rabbit monoclonal tyrosine hydroxylase (TH; 1:100; ab75875, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), rabbit polyclonal β2-adrenergic receptor (Adrb2; 1:100, ab137494; Abcam) and osteocalcin (1:100, sc-30045, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., Dallas, Texas, USA).
Techniques: Control, Staining, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Expressing, Immunohistochemical staining